Resumos

DIABETES MELLITUS: FUNDAMENTAÇÃO MÉDICO-PERICIAL DAS PRINCIPAIS QUESTÕES LITIGIOSAS

Daniele Pimentel Maciel (1)
Daniele Muñoz Gianvecchio (2)
Christina de Lima Takenawa Netto (3)
Carlos Eduardo Netto (4)
Victor A. P. Gianvecchio (5)
Valéria M. S. Framil (6)
Daniel Romero Muñoz (7)

  1. Professora Colaboradora do Curso de Especialização em Medicina Legal e Perícias Médicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  2. Professora do Curso de Especialização de Medicina Legal e Perícias Médicas da Faculdade de  Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  3. Médica pós-graduada em Perícias Médicas pela Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  4. Médica pós-graduada em Perícias Médicas pela Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  5. Professor de Medicina Legal e Perícias Médicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  6. Professora Colaboradora do Curso de Especialização em Medicina Legal e Perícias Médicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo.
  7. Professor Titular do Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica e Medicina Social e do Trabalho da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo.

Endereço para correspondência: Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica, Medicina Social e do Trabalho da FMUSP. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 – Cerqueira César. CEP: 01246-903. São Paulo-SP. Telefone: (11) 3061-8407. Email: danimunoz78@gmail.com

Introdução

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) está entre as patologias incapacitantes com evidências de crescente prevalência em todos os países, independentemente do grau de desenvolvimento. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os dados do site do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) em relação à Diabetes Mellitus e aposentadoria por invalidez no período entre 2008 a 2018 e verificar o nexo causal.

Metodologia

Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo através de revisão de literatura e levantamento de processos cíveis julgados em 1º grau pelo Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) em relação à Diabetes Mellitus, incapacidade laboral e aposentadoria por invalidez no período entre 2008 a 2018.

Marco conceitual

Os termos da Lei nº 8.213/91 apresentam os requisitos exigidos para a concessão dos principais benefícios previdenciários pleiteados na justiça, como a aposentadoria por invalidez e o auxílio doença.

The Canadian Betting Landscape: An Overview

Canada’s betting landscape is a dynamic and evolving space that has captured the interest of many enthusiasts and industry experts alike. As one of the fastest-growing sectors in the country, the realm of betting, including sports betting, online casinos, and other forms of gambling, plays a significant role in shaping the entertainment and economic landscape. In this article, we delve into the intricacies of the Canadian betting scene, exploring the regulatory framework, emerging trends, and the impact of technological advancements on the industry.

From the legal status of sports betting to the rise of online platforms, the Canadian betting landscape is ripe with opportunities and challenges. How are Canadians engaging with betting activities, and what factors are influencing the rapid growth of this sector? Join us as we navigate through the complexities of the Canadian betting landscape, uncovering key insights and shedding light on the factors that are redefining the way Canadians participate in this exciting industry.

Legal Framework of Betting in Canada

Canada boasts a diverse and evolving betting landscape that offers a range of options for sports enthusiasts and gambling aficionados. From traditional brick-and-mortar casinos to online betting platforms, Canadians have access to various avenues for placing bets on their favorite sports teams or engaging in casino games.

One notable trend in the Canadian betting scene is the increasing popularity of online betting sites. These platforms provide convenience and accessibility for users to place bets from the comfort of their own homes or on the go. With a plethora of online betting options available, Canadians can choose from a wide selection of sports markets and casino games to wager on.

https://betlama.com/ is a prominent online betting platform that caters to the Canadian market, offering a user-friendly interface and a diverse range of betting options. With competitive odds and a secure betting environment, platforms like Betlama are becoming go-to destinations for Canadian bettors looking to engage in sports betting or online casino games.

In addition to online betting, Canadians also have access to provincial lotteries and land-based casinos, providing a well-rounded gambling experience. The Canadian betting landscape continues to evolve, with regulations and offerings adapting to meet the changing needs and preferences of bettors across the country.

Popular Forms of Gambling in Canada

Canada has a diverse betting landscape that includes a mix of land-based casinos, online sports betting sites, and provincial lotteries. Each province has its own regulations and oversight when it comes to gambling, resulting in a varied market across the country. The popularity of sports betting, especially on major sports like hockey and football, has led to the growth of online platforms that cater to Canadian bettors.

While some provinces have embraced online gambling and sports betting, others have more restrictive policies. The legality and regulation of online betting in Canada can be complex, with laws varying from province to province. The Canadian government is currently reviewing legislation to potentially legalize single-event sports betting, which would have a significant impact on the betting landscape in the country.

Impact of Online Betting on the Canadian Market

Canada’s betting landscape is a diverse and evolving industry that encompasses various forms of gambling activities. The country’s legal framework allows for both land-based and online betting, with provinces having the authority to regulate gaming within their jurisdictions. Popular forms of betting in Canada include sports betting, casino games, lottery, and horse racing. While some provinces have fully embraced the industry and offer a wide range of betting options, others have more restrictive policies or even prohibit certain forms of gambling altogether.

Online betting is gaining popularity in Canada, with many reputable international operators catering to Canadian players. However, the legal status of online betting remains somewhat ambiguous, as the laws are complex and vary between provinces. The government is exploring the possibility of legalizing single-event sports betting at the federal level to provide a more cohesive regulatory framework. Overall, the Canadian betting landscape presents both opportunities and challenges for industry stakeholders, with ongoing discussions and developments shaping the future of gambling in the country.

Regulatory Challenges Faced by the Betting Industry

Canada has a diverse and evolving betting landscape that encompasses various forms of gambling, including sports betting, casinos, and lotteries. Each province and territory in Canada has the authority to regulate and oversee gambling activities within its jurisdiction. While some provinces have embraced online sports betting and casino gaming, others have more stringent regulations or have chosen to maintain a government monopoly over gambling operations.

One of the key developments in the Canadian betting landscape is the recent legalization of single-event sports betting. Prior to this change, sports bettors could only place bets on multiple events or parlay wagers. The new legislation opens up opportunities for both operators and bettors, with the potential to attract more players to the legal market and generate additional revenue for the industry.

In addition to traditional betting options, Canadians also have access to online casinos and poker sites. These platforms offer a wide range of games and betting opportunities, providing players with convenient and entertaining ways to wager money. However, regulations surrounding online gambling vary between provinces, with some regions prohibiting offshore operators from offering services to residents.

Overall, the Canadian betting landscape is characterized by a mix of government-run operations, private companies, and online platforms. As regulations continue to evolve and technology advances, the industry is likely to see further changes in the coming years. With the recent legalization of single-event sports betting and the growing popularity of online gambling, Canadians have more options than ever when it comes to placing bets and enjoying their favorite games of chance.

Future Trends and Opportunities in Canadian Betting

Canada has a diverse betting landscape that includes various forms of gambling, such as sports betting, casino games, poker, and lottery. Each province in Canada has its own regulatory framework for gambling, leading to a mix of government-operated and privately-owned betting options. The legal age for gambling varies by province, with most setting it at 19, except for Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec, where the legal age is 18.

Sports betting is a popular form of gambling in Canada, with major sports leagues like the NHL and NBA attracting significant betting activity. While parlay betting is common in most provinces, single-game sports betting was historically restricted until 2021 when the Canadian government passed legislation to legalize it, opening up new opportunities for both operators and bettors.

Online gambling is also on the rise in Canada, with many offshore betting sites catering to Canadian players. However, the legal status of online gambling remains a gray area, as the laws around it are complex and vary by province. Some provinces, like British Columbia and Quebec, have their own online gambling platforms, while others rely on offshore operators.

Overall, the Canadian betting landscape is evolving rapidly, with changes in legislation and advancements in technology shaping the industry. As the popularity of sports betting and online gambling continues to grow, it is essential for both operators and players to stay informed about the regulations in their respective provinces to ensure a safe and enjoyable betting experience.

As the Canadian betting landscape continues to evolve, it is clear that the industry is poised for significant growth and change. With the recent legalization of single-event sports betting and the rise of online platforms, Canadians have more options than ever before to engage with betting activities. However, challenges such as regulatory complexities and competition remain. By staying informed and adapting to the shifting dynamics of the market, both industry players and consumers can navigate this exciting landscape with confidence and enthusiasm.

Resultado

Foram encontradas 26 ações judiciais em primeira instância pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo relacionadas à incapacidade laboral e aposentadoria por Diabetes Mellitus. A distribuição em relação ao sexo foi de 61,53% (16) feminino e 38,46% (10) masculino. Quanto à ocupação, observou-se que, na sua maioria, 57,7% (15) não tinham descrição e as demais com 15,38% (4) serviços gerais; 7,69% (2) aposentados e 3,84% (1) pintor e 3,84% (1) para doméstica. As sentenças dos magistrados foram 50% (13) procedentes e 50% (13) improcedentes. Todas em concordância com o laudo médico-pericial, exceto em dois casos onde houve discordância entre a conclusão pericial e a sentença judicial, devido à falta de qualidade de segurado e à ausência de nexo causal. Dentre as ações procedentes, apenas uma teve nexo causal, por acometimento de órgãos-alvos pela DM (retinopatia e nefropatia), as demais foram determinadas concausa. As comorbidades mais frequentes foram: HAS, distúrbios microvasculares e macrovasculares, retinopatia, neuropatia, nefropatia, doença coronariana, doença cerebrovascular e doença arterial periférica. Em uma ação houve desaposentadoria.

Conclusão

As ações litigiosas referentes ao DM e suas complicações foram consideradas procedentes em apenas 50% dos casos. Na sua maioria, o laudo médico pericial apontou concausa e em um caso foi determinado nexo-causal e a Diabetes Mellitus.

 


Referências bibliográficas

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