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SEXUAL CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE OPINION OF AUTHORITIES ABOUT EVIDENCE

Angelita Maria F. Machado Rios e Lilian Milnitsky Stein

The evaluation of sexual offenses against children and adolescents is complex due to the limitation of evidence. In this study, interviews were conducted with 18 participants, nine of them from the investigative stage (Police Officers) and nine from the procedural stage (five Prosecutors and four Judges of Law acting on the area of Children and Youth). The authorities expressed their views on the analysis of the following evidence: the word of the victim, physical traces, other evidences (witnesses, school reports, reports from health and psychosocial professionals) and the confession of the suspect.

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USE AND OBTENTION OF CADAVERS FOR ANATOMIC STUDIES: BIOETHICAL ASPECTS

Flávia Caroline da Silva Lopes, Noília Gomes de Lima

The last decade has brought about a growing number of medical schools in the country, which results in an increase in the demand for cadavers for the study of Human Anatomy. This study aims to emphasize the importance of the study of anatomy with cadavers in the training of health professionals and demonstrate the difficulty of obtaining cadavers for teaching and research. This literature review counted the survey of works in the Scielo database, from 2006 to 2015; As well as the use of articles referring to the Personal Rights of the 2nd edition of the Brazilian Civil Code of 2008. The importance of the association of the classic methodology that uses cadaveric parts with innovative methods, such as artificial anatomical models and virtual dissection, is shown.

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DIVERGENT DECISIONS REACHED BY SOCIAL SECURITY MEDICAL EVALUATORS AND OCUPATIONAL EXPERT PHYSICIANS

Camila Lucia Dedivitis Tiossi

Controversies are generated when the Social Security medical examiner and an occupational physician reach divergent conclusions regarding the ability of a worker to return to his duties, often causing serious damage to the worker. In such cases the employee seeks the judiciary to resolve the dispute involving medical issues and labor and social security laws.

We performed a retrospective analysis of 25 judicial evaluations in suits against the National Social Security Institute (INSS ) held in April 2010 in Santa Isabel Forum – São Paulo.

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EXPERT EVALUATION: AUXILLIARY ELEMENT IN THE FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL JUSTICE DECISIONS

Elaine Helena Alvim de Souza, Eliane Helena Alvim de Souza, Maria do Socorro Orestes Cardoso, Ivana Maria Girão, Joao Carlos Haeffner et al

The present study aims to diminish the inexistence of a referential regarding the expert testimony in the legal process in the one Special Justice metier, the JMU. The study is presented as a descriptive, transversal and documentary. Following the bioethical regulations a sample of 136 legal process were established that should contain expert testimony.

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APPROACHES OF LEGAL MEDICINE BY THE CULTURAL INDUSTRY

Camila Borges de Mendonca e Diogo Nilo Miranda Borba

Legal Medicine and Forensics have been often depicted in literature and in the movie industry, usually through an approach that has little resemblance to the actual practice of these fields of expertise or to the resources available in reality. This article aims to investigate these approaches, identifying stereotypes created by the media and their impact in public perception.

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BRIEF CONSIDERATIONS ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF SUICIDE

Genival Veloso de França

The author makes brief psychosocial considerations about suicide by drawing attention primarily to its frighteningly increasing numbers and by referencing to various theories that explain the suicidal act, its causes and consequences.

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ASPHYXIA BY NECK CONSTRICTION: REVISED MECHANISMS

Leonardo Mendes Cardoso

In view of the controversies about the temporality of the mechanisms of death in cases of cervical constriction – hanging, strangulation and garroting – research is needed in order to reach a better understanding of the nature of the trauma(s) involved. The general objective of this article is to demonstrate the real mechanism of death by cervical constriction. Secondly, as specific objectives, the understanding about the legal importance of the time spent in these events would be reached, and it would allow to better quantify the suffering of such victims.

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MEDICAL EXPERTISE EVALUATION IN LAWSUIT OF GENDER DYSPHORIA, TRANSSEXUALISM AND TRANSVETISM

Viviam Paula Lucianelli Spina et all., Elcio Rodrigues da Silva, Lucas Pedroso Fernandes Leal, Jonas Aparecido Borracini

In the last decades, with the breakdown of preexisting sociocultural paradigms and concepts, and with the maturation of society, gender identity is no longer seen in the binary form of masculine and feminine, but within a spectrum. The objective of this study is to determine the medical-expert technical criteria for judicial proceedings in cases of gender dysphoria, transsexualism and transvestitism. A non-systematic search was conducted in the Medline, Pubmed and Lilacs databases from 2000 to 2016, and a review of Legal Medicine books and current Brazilian legislation related to the subject.

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STATURE AS ELEMENTARY DATA IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: A STANDARD FOR STATURE ESTIMATION IN BRAZIL

José Jozefran Berto Freire

This study aims to produce standards for stature estimates derived from measurements of the humarus, radius, femur and tibia of Brazilian men and women. Data was collected from 216 corpses and results were compared to existing literature.

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MEDICO-LEGAL ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF COCAINE AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN FORENSIC STUDIES

Guillermo Omar Rocabado Calizaya, Nelly Marlene Taboada Párraga, Saul Pantoja Vacaflor

the authors comment on the effects of cocaine on different systems to acknowledge its alterations as a possible cause for the perpetration of criminal acts or faults that are sanctioned by juridical classifications